Pharmacogenomics

Individuals who carry the CYP2C19*17 gain-of-function allele have lower voriconazole exposure and are therefore at risk of failing therapy. Utilizing CYP2C19 genotype to optimize voriconazole dosage may be a cost-effective method of improving treatment ...

Related to many drug gene–product interactions, application of pharmacogenomics can lead to improved medication efficacy while decreasing or avoiding adverse drug reactions. However, utilizing pharmacogenomics without other information does not allow for ...

Introduction: Variability in lopinavir (LPV) plasma concentration among patients could be due to genetic polymorphisms. This study set to evaluate significance of variants in CYP3A4/5, SLCO1B1 and ABCC2 on LPV plasma concentration among African HIV-...

Aim: Experimental variation in dose–response data of drugs tested on cell lines result in inaccuracies in the estimate of a key drug sensitivity characteristic: the IC₅₀. We aim to improve the precision of the half-limiting dose (IC₅₀) estimates by ...

Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical and economic outcomes of pharmacogenetic-guided (PG-guided) and platelet reactivity testing-guided antiplatelet therapy for patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. ...

Aim: A genetic variant has recently reached genome-wide significance for association with TNF-inhibitor response in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Here we undertake a replication study in a UK Caucasian population to test for association with TNF-...

Aim: Fluoropyrimidines are commonly used anti-cancer drugs, but lead to severe toxicity in 10–30% of patients. Prospective DPYD screening identifies patients at risk for toxicity and leads to a safer treatment with fluoropyrimidines. This study evaluated ...

Aim: Vincristine is an important component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment protocols that can cause neurotoxicity. Patients treated with LAL/SHOP protocols often suffer from vincristine-related neurotoxicity in early phases of treatment. ...

The investigational drug dichloroacetate (DCA) is a metabolic regulator that has been successfully used to treat acquired and congenital metabolic diseases and, recently, solid tumors. Its clinical use has revealed challenges in selecting appropriate ...

Several new chemotherapeutic agents have become available for the treatment of colorectal cancer, which has led to increased complexity in treatment planning. Treatment decision making for individual patients could be facilitated if guided by predictive ...

Incretin effect enhancers are drugs used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes and include GLP-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (gliptins). Variants in several genes were shown to be involved in the physiology of incretin secretion. ...

Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is at present the standard therapeutic approach for esophageal cancer (EC) in patients with resectable tumor. However, response to neoadjuvant therapy is characterized by a strong interpatient variability, and the ...