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Research Article

Detection of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease from exhaled breath using nanomaterial-based sensors

    Ulrike Tisch

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    These authors contributed equally

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    ,
    Ilana Schlesinger

    Department of Neurology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31096, Israel

    These authors contributed equally

    Search for more papers by this author

    ,
    Radu Ionescu

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Maria Nassar

    Department of Neurology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31096, Israel

    ,
    Noa Axelrod

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Dorina Robertman

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Yael Tessler

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Faris Azar

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Abraham Marmur

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

    ,
    Judith Aharon-Peretz

    Cognitive Neurology Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31096, Israel

    &
    Hossam Haick

    * Author for correspondence

    The Department of Chemical Engineering & Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm.12.105

    Aim: To study the feasibility of a novel method in nanomedicine that is based on breath testing for identifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), as representative examples of neurodegenerative conditions. Patients & methods: Alveolar breath was collected from 57 volunteers (AD patients, PD patients and healthy controls) and analyzed using combinations of nanomaterial-based sensors (organically functionalized carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles). Discriminant factor analysis was applied to detect statistically significant differences between study groups and classification success was estimated using cross-validation. The pattern identification was supported by chemical analysis of the breath samples using gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Results: The combinations of sensors could clearly distinguish AD from healthy states, PD from healthy states, and AD from PD states, with a classification accuracy of 85, 78 and 84%, respectively. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry analysis showed statistically significant differences in the average abundance of several volatile organic compounds in the breath of AD, PD and healthy subjects, thus supporting the breath prints observed with the sensors. Conclusion: The breath prints that were identified with combinations of nanomaterial-based sensors have future potential as cost-effective, fast and reliable biomarkers for AD and PD.

    Original submitted 29 January 2012; Revised submitted 8 May 2012; Published online 15 October 2012

    Papers of special note have been highlighted as: ▪ of interest ▪▪ of considerable interest

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