Curcumin nanogel and its efficacy against oxidative stress and inflammation in rat models of ischemic stroke
Abstract
Aim: The study was designed to develop and analyze curcumin nanoparticles. Methods: Curcumin nanoparticles were formulated and evaluated. Their efficacy in protecting against brain damage was investigated in a rat model of ischemic stroke, considering motor function, muscle strength and antioxidant enzyme activity. Results: Curcumin nanoparticles displayed a zeta potential of -55 ± 13.5 mV and an average particle size of 51.40 ± 21.70 nm. In ischemic stroke rat models, curcumin nanoparticle treatment significantly improved motor functions, and muscle strength and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclusion: Curcumin nanoparticles showed significant neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke models.
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest
References
- 1. . Challenges and possibilities of intravascular cell therapy in stroke. Acta. Neurobiol. Exp. (Wars.) 69(1), 1–11 (2009).
- 2. . The overlooked aspect of excitotoxicity: glutamate-independent excitotoxicity in traumatic brain injuries. Eur. J. Neurosci. 49(9), 1157–1170 (2019).
- 3. Pathological comparisons of the hippocampal changes in the transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion rat models. Front. Neurol. 10, 1178 (2019).
- 4. . Lipid peroxidation triggers neurodegeneration: a redox proteomics view into the Alzheimer's disease brain. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 62, 157–169 (2013).
- 5. Nanoparticles of resveratrol attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation after ischemic stroke in rats. Int. Immunopharmacol. 94, 107494 (2021). • Explores the effects of resveratrol nanoparticles on oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model of ischemic stroke, suggesting significant therapeutic benefits in the management of poststroke complications.
- 6. Dimethyl cardamonin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory factors through blocking NF-κB p65 activation. Int. Immunopharmacol. 10(9), 1127–1134 (2010).
- 7. . Cerebral ischemia induces microvascular pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via the MEK/ERK pathway. J. Neuroinflamm. 7, 1–13 (2010).
- 8. . Curcumin: a review of its effects on human health. Foods 6(10), 92 (2017).
- 9. Antioxidant properties of popular turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties from Bangladesh. J. Food Qual. 2017, 8471785 (2017).
- 10. . Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its major constituent (curcumin) as nontoxic and safe substances. Phytother. Res. 32(6), 985–995 (2018).
- 11. The multifaceted role of curcumin in advanced nanocurcumin form in the treatment and management of chronic disorders. Molecules 26(23), 7109 (2021).
- 12. Amelioration of cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration by curcumin in rat model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type (SDAT). Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 19(9), 636–647 (2009).
- 13. . Interaction between gut microbiota and curcumin: a new key of understanding for the health effects of curcumin. Nutrients 12(9), 2499 (2020).
- 14. . Recent advances to improve curcumin oral bioavailability. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 110, 253–266 (2021).
- 15. Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects. J. Nanobiotechnol. 16, 71 (2018).
- 16. Novel therapeutic delivery of nanocurcumin in central nervous system related disorders. Nanomaterials 11(1), 2 (2021).
- 17. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonism in rats: behavioral, neurochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. Brain Res. 1368, 254–263 (2011). • Showed that curcumin had neuroprotective effects in a rat model of Parkinson's disease caused by 6-hydroxydopamine, specifically examining its impact on behavior, neurochemistry and histology.
- 18. Formulation and evaluation of injectable dextran sulfate sodium nanoparticles as a potent antibacterial agent. Sci. Rep. 11, 9914 (2021). • Highlights the critical role of hydrogen-bonding interactions between dextran sulfate sodium and tripolyphosphate in the formation of nanoparticles. The study demonstrated that nanoparticles crafted from dextran sulfate sodium exhibit significant potential as an innovative antibacterial treatment.
- 19. . Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke 20, 84–91 (1989).
- 20. Rutin protects the neural damage induced by transient focal ischemia in rats. Brain Res. 1292, 123–135 (2009).
- 21. Locomotor activity in D2 dopamine receptor deficient mice in determined by gene dosage, genetic background and developmental adaptations. J. Neurosci. 18, 7470–7479 (1998).
- 22. . Effect of sulfhydryl reagent on peroxidation in microsome. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 260, 521–531 (1967).
- 23. . Bromobenzene-induced liver necrosis. Protective role of glutathione and evidence for 3,4-bromobenzene oxide as the hepatotoxic metabolite. Pharmacology 11(3), 151–169 (1974).
- 24. . Glutathione reductase levels in rat brain. J. Biol. Chem. 250, 5475–5480 (1975).
- 25. . Differential distribution of glutathione and glutathione related enzymes in rabbit kidneys, possible implication in analgesic neuropathy. Cancer Res. 44, 5086–5091 (1984).
- 26. . Effects of DL-alpha-lipoic acid on peripheral nerve conduction, blood flow, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes 49(6), 1006–1015 (2000).
- 27. . Catalase activity. In: CRC Hand Book of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research. Green Wald RA (Ed.). CRC Press, FL, USA, 283–284 (1984).
- 28. . Curcumin nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial study. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59(5), 2056–2061 (2011).
- 29. . Nanoparticles for targeted brain drug delivery: what do we know? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 11654(2021).
- 30. . Intranasal delivery of asenapine loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: formulation, characterization, pharmacokinetic and behavioural assessment. RSC Adv. 6(3), 2032–2045 (2016).
- 31. . Cell-based in vitro blood–brain barrier model can rapidly evaluate nanoparticles' brain permeability in association with particle size and surface modification. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15(2), 1812–1825 (2014).
- 32. . Transport of drugs across the blood–brain barrier by nanoparticles. J. Control. Rel. 161(2), 264–273 (2012).
- 33. Investigating the optimal size of anticancer nanomedicine. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111(43), 15344–15349 (2014).
- 34. Delivery of liposomes with different sizes to mice brain after sonication by focused ultrasound in the presence of microbubbles. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 42(7), 1499–1511 (2016).
- 35. . Curcumin loaded self-assembled lipid-biopolymer nanoparticles for functional food applications. J. Food Sci. Technol. 52(10), 6143–6156 (2015).
- 36. Associations between grip strength, brain structure, and mental health in >40,000 participants from the UK Biobank. BMC Med. 20, 286 (2022).
- 37. Effects of gold nanoparticles administration through behavioral and oxidative parameters in animal model of Parkinson's disease. Biointerfaces 196, 111302 (2020).
- 38. . Nano-curcumin: a potent enhancer of body antioxidant system in diabetic mice. Int. J. Phytomed. 10, 162–167 (2018).
- 39. Ameliorative effect of curcumin and zinc oxide nanoparticles on multiple mechanisms in obese rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Sci. Rep. 11, 20677 (2021).
- 40. . Investigation of therapeutic effect of curcumin alpha and beta glucoside anomers against Alzheimer's disease by the nose to brain drug delivery. Brain Res. 1766, 147517 (2021).
- 41. . Protective effect of natural antioxidant, curcumin nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanoparticles against type 2 diabetes-promoted hippocampal neurotoxicity in rats. Pharmaceutics 13, 1937(2021).
- 42. . Oxidative stress: a key modulator in neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules 24, 1583 (2019).
- 43. . Research progress of glutathione peroxidase family (GPx) in redoxidation. Front. Pharmacol. 14, 1147414 (2023).
- 44. Curcumin-supplemented diets increase superoxide dismutase activity and mean lifespan in Drosophila. Age (Dordr.) 35(4), 1133–1142 (2013).
- 45. . Effect of curcuminoids on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J. Funct. Foods 18, 898–909 (2015).
- 46. Curcumin nanoparticles as promising therapeutic agents for drug targets. Molecules 26, 4998 (2021).
- 47. Studies to reveal the nature of interactions between catalase and curcumin using computational methods and optical techniques. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 95, 550–556 (2017).
- 48. . Curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: an efficient formulation approach for cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in rats. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 85(3 Pt A), 339–345 (2013).
- 49. . Age related learning deficits in transgenic mice expressing the 721-amino acid isoform of human beta-amyloid precursor protein. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 5341–5345 (1995).