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Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

Radiological Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Mohammed Faris

Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Bashar Hadi Shalan

Anesthesia Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Huda Hadi Hasan

Department of Business Administration, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Nidaa F Azeez

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Fatima Hashim Abbas

*Author for correspondence:

E-mail Address: Fatimahashim@mustaqbal-college.edu.iq

Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq

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Published Online:17 Jan 2023https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2022-0187

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Abstract

The most important aspect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is the harnessing of Fenton or Fenton-like chemistry for cancer therapy within the tumor microenvironment, which occurs because of the moderate acidity and overexpressed H₂O₂ in the tumor microenvironment. Hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) produced within tumor cells via Fenton and Fenton-like reactions cause cancer cell death. Reactive oxygen species-mediated CDT demonstrates a desired anticancer impact without the need for external stimulation or the development of drug resistance. Cancer therapy based on CDT is known as a viable cancer therapy modality. This review discusses the most recent CDT advancements and provides some typical instances. As a result, potential methods for further improving CDT efficiency under the guidance of Fenton chemistry are offered.

Plain language summary

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Unfortunately, conventional treatments do not greatly increase the quality of life or survival rate of cancer patients. So, coming up with new, less invasive ways to treat cancer would be an important way to increase the number of cancer patients who survive. Chemodynamic therapy, a new cancer treatment modality, uses intracellular hydrogen peroxide as a fantastic ‘Trojan horse’ to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) to kill cancer cells. This review discusses the most recent advancements in chemodynamic therapy and provides some typical instances.

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Review of strategies to increase the production of hydroxyl radicals to improve chemodynamic therapy (CDT) performance and discussion of problems and possible outcomes of new and possibly improved CDT techniques.

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Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest

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Vol. 17, No. 24

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History

Received 26 July 2022

Accepted 7 November 2022

Published online 17 January 2023

Published in print October 2022

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Keywords

Author contributions

DF Mohammed: software, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing. HA Madlool: software, writing - original draft. M Faris, BH Shalan, HH Hasan & NF Azeez: writing - original draft. FH Abbas: conceptualization, software, writing - original draft, review & editing.

Financial & competing interests disclosure

This study was financially and morally supported by the Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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Harnessing inorganic nanomaterials for chemodynamic cancer therapy

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