Abstract
Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, and non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for most lung cancer cases. Nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems have exhibited immense potential in lung cancer therapy due to their fascinating physicochemical characteristics, in vivo stability, bioavailability, prolonged and targeted delivery, gastrointestinal absorption and therapeutic efficiency of their numerous chemotherapeutic agents. However, traditional chemotherapeutics have systemic toxicity issues; therefore, dietary polyphenols might potentially replace them in lung cancer treatment. Polyphenol-based targeted nanotherapeutics have demonstrated interaction with a multitude of protein targets and cellular signaling pathways that affect major cellular processes. This review summarizes the various molecular mechanisms and targeted therapeutic potentials of nanoengineered dietary polyphenols in the effective management of lung cancer.
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest
References
- 1. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J. Clin. 58(2), 71–96 (2008).
- 2. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int. J. Cancer 136(5), E359–386 (2015).
- 3. . Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144(5), 646–674 (2011).
- 4. . Lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 359(13), 1367–1380 (2008).
- 5. . Cancer statistics, 2000. CA Cancer J. Clin. 50(1), 7–33 (2000).
- 6. . Mitigating inflammation using advanced drug delivery by targeting TNF-alpha in lung diseases. Future Med. Chem. 14(2), 57–60 (2021).
- 7. Assessment of molecular events in squamous and non-squamous cell lung carcinoma. Lung Cancer 54(3), 293–301 (2006).
- 8. Cigarette smoking and lung cancer – relative risk estimates for the major histological types from a pooled analysis of case–control studies. Int. J. Cancer 131(5), 1210–1219 (2012).
- 9. Previous lung diseases and lung cancer risk: a pooled analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Am. J. Epidemiol. 176(7), 573–585 (2012).
- 10. . Occupational and environmental causes of lung cancer. Clin. Chest Med. 33(4), 681–703 (2012).
- 11. . Meta-analysis of studies of passive smoking and lung cancer: effects of study type and continent. Int. J. Epidemiol. 36(5), 1048–1059 (2007).
- 12. WHO. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. In: Technical Report Series. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland (2003).
- 13. Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes. Pharm. Res. 25(9), 2097–2116 (2008). •• Outlines the therapeutic approaches for targeting major signaling pathways in lung carcinogenesis.
- 14. . Lung cancer in which the hypothesis of multi-step progression is confirmed by array-CGH results: a case report. Exp. Ther. Med. 11(1), 98–100 (2016).
- 15. Molecular analysis of a multistep lung cancer model induced by chronic inflammation reveals epigenetic regulation of p16 and activation of the DNA damage response pathway. Neoplasia 9(10), 840–852 (2007).
- 16. . Molecular insights into potential contributions of natural polyphenols to lung cancer treatment. Cancers (Basel) 11(10), 1565 (2019).
- 17. . Targeting angiogenesis in lung cancer – pitfalls in drug development. Transl. Lung Cancer Res. 1(2), 122–128 (2012).
- 18. Diversity of the angiogenic phenotype in non-small-cell lung cancer. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 36(3), 343–350 (2007).
- 19. Tumor cell-derived periostin regulates cytokines that maintain breast cancer stem cells. Mol. Cancer Res. 14(1), 103–113 (2016).
- 20. . Progression and metastasis of lung cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 35(1), 75–91 (2016).
- 21. Molecular insights and novel approaches for targeting tumor metastasis. Int. J. Pharm. 585, 119556 (2020).
- 22. . Quercetin-loaded nanomedicine as oncotherapy. In: Nanomedicine for Bioactives. Rahman MBeg SKumar VAhmad F (Eds). Springer Nature, Gateway East Singapore, Singapore, 155–183 (2020).
- 23. . Selective targeting of cancer signaling pathways with nanomedicines: challenges and progress. Future Oncol. 16(35), 2959–2979 (2020).
- 24. Fruits and vegetables consumption and the risk of histological subtypes of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cancer Causes Control 21(3), 357–371 (2010).
- 25. . Quercetin-loaded nanomedicine as nutritional application. In: Nanomedicine for Bioactives. Rahman MBeg SKumar VAhmad F (Eds). Springer Nature, Gateway East Singapore, Singapore, 259–301 (2020).
- 26. . An insight of polyphenols in lung cancer chemoprevention. In: Polyphenols: Prevention and Treatment of Human Disease (2nd Edition). Watson RRPreedy VRZibadi S (Eds). Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA, 125–136 (2018).
- 27. . Receptor-based combinatorial nanomedicines. In: Handbook of Research on Advancements in Cancer Therapeutics. Kumar SRizvi MAVerma S (Eds). IGI Global, PA, USA, 339–355 (2021).
- 28. The risk of lung cancer related to dietary intake of flavonoids. Nutr. Cancer 64(7), 964–974 (2012).
- 29. Recent advances in liposomal drug delivery system of quercetin for cancer targeting: a mechanistic approach. Curr. Drug Deliv. 17(10), 845–860 (2020).
- 30. A comprehensive meta-analysis on dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and cancer risk: level of evidence and limitations. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 61(4),
10.1002/mnfr.201600930 (2017). • Overview of various polyphenols (phenolic acids, stilbenes and lignans) in lung cancer therapy. - 31. . Targeting brain metastases in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer. Lancet Oncol. 16(13), e510–e521 (2015).
- 32. . Let food be thy medicine, and medicine be thy food: Hippocrates revisited. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 26(1), 1–3 (2014).
- 33. . The relationship between phenolic compounds from diet and microbiota: impact on human health. Food Funct. 6(8), 2424–2439 (2015).
- 34. Medicinal plant cell suspension cultures: pharmaceutical applications and high-yielding strategies for the desired secondary metabolites. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 36(2), 215–232 (2016).
- 35. . The role of dietary polyphenols in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 16(3), 196–210 (2015).
- 36. . Plant cell cancer: may natural phenolic compounds prevent onset and development of plant cell malignancy? A literature review. Molecules 21(9), 1104 (2016).
- 37. . Plant polyphenols as chemopreventive agents for lung cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 17(8), 1352 (2016).
- 38. . Polyphenols: food sources, properties and applications – a review. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 44(12), 2512–2518 (2009).
- 39. . Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 79(5), 727–747 (2004).
- 40. . The role of polyphenols in overcoming cancer drug resistance: a comprehensive review. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 27(1), 1 (2022).
- 41. . Functions of polyphenols and its anticancer properties in biomedical research: a narrative review. Transl. Cancer Res. 9(12), 7619–7631 (2020).
- 42. Dietary intakes and food sources of phenolic acids in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Br. J. Nutr. 110(8), 1500–1511 (2013).
- 43. . Polyphenols, dietary sources and bioavailability. Annali-Istituto Superiore di Sanita. 43(4), 348 (2007).
- 44. . Flavonols, phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of some red fruits. Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau 103(8), 369–377 (2007).
- 45. . Contents of phenolic acids, alkyl- and alkenylresorcinols, and avenanthramides in commercial grain products. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53(21), 8290–8295 (2005).
- 46. . Phenolic acids of walnut (Juglans regia L.). Herba Polonica 57(2), 22–29 (2011).
- 47. . Bioavailability of phenolic acids. Phytochem. Rev. 7(2), 301–311 (2007).
- 48. . Plant secondary metabolites and gut health: the case for phenolic acids. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 70(3), 389–396 (2011).
- 49. . Therapeutic potential of plant phenolic acids in the treatment of cancer. Biomolecules 10, 221 (2020).
- 50. . Anticancer properties of phenolic acids in colon cancer – a review. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 06(02),
10.4172/2155-9600.1000468 (2016). - 51. . Syringic acid (SA) – a review of its occurrence, biosynthesis, pharmacological and industrial importance. Biomed. Pharmacother. 108, 547–557 (2018).
- 52. The inhibitory mechanisms of tumor PD-L1 expression by natural bioactive gallic acid in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Cancers 12(3), 727 (2020).
- 53. Anti-tumor effect of gallic acid on LL-2 lung cancer cells transplanted in mice. Anticancer Drugs 12(10), 847–852 (2001).
- 54. . Protective effect of vanillic acid against benzo(a)pyrene induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 33(10), e22382 (2019).
- 55. . Apoptotic effects of protocatechuic acid in human breast, lung, liver, cervix, and prostate cancer cells: potential mechanisms of action. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57(14), 6468–6473 (2009).
- 56. . Protocatechuic acid inhibits lung cancer cells by modulating FAK, MAPK, and NF-κB pathways. Nutr. Cancer 66(8), 1331–1341 (2014).
- 57. . Evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of curcumin (diferuloyl methane) in patients with postoperative inflammation. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. Toxicol. 24(12), 651–654 (1986).
- 58. . Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47(10), 4297–4300 (1999).
- 59. . Curcumin and lung cancer – a review. Target. Oncol. 9(4), 295–310 (2014).
- 60. . Anticancer potential of curcumin: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res. 23(1A), 363–398 (2003).
- 61. Curcumin inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer cells metastasis through the adiponectin/NF-κB/MMPs signaling pathway. PLOS ONE 10(12), e0144462 (2015).
- 62. . Induction of apoptosis in human lung cancer cells by curcumin. Cancer Lett. 208(2), 163–170 (2004).
- 63. Curcumin induces ferroptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer via activating autophagy. Thorac. Cancer 12(8), 1219–1230 (2021).
- 64. . Bioavailability of ferulic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 253(2), 222–227 (1998).
- 65. . 2-Deoxy-D-glucose and ferulic acid modulates radiation response signaling in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Tumor Biol. 34(1), 251–259 (2013).
- 66. Inhibitory effect of trans-ferulic acid on proliferation and migration of human lung cancer cells accompanied with increased endogenous reactive oxygen species and β-catenin instability. Chin. Med. 11(1), 1–13 (2016).
- 67. . Biochemical estimations of multidrug resistance (ferulic acid and paclitaxel) in non-small cells lung carcinoma cells in vitro. Biomed. Aging Pathol. 3(2), 47–50 (2013).
- 68. Anticancer effects of thymoquinone, caffeic acid phenethyl ester and resveratrol on A549 non-small-cell lung cancer cells exposed to benzo(a)pyrene. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 14(10), 6159–6164 (2013).
- 69. Protective effect of caffeic acid on paclitaxel induced anti-proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells involves NF-κB pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13(5), 6236–6245 (2012).
- 70. . Xanthones and cancer: from natural sources to mechanisms of action. Chem. Biodivers. 17(2), e1900499 (2020).
- 71. Natural polyphenols: chemical classification, definition of classes, subcategories, and structures. J. AOAC Int. 102(5) 1397–1400 (2019).
- 72. . The naturally occurring xanthone α-mangostin induces ROS-mediated cytotoxicity in non-small scale lung cancer cells. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 25(6), 1090–1095 (2018).
- 73. . Anticancer activity of stilbene-based derivatives. ChemMedChem 12(8), 558–570 (2017).
- 74. . Natural stilbenes: an overview. Nat. Prod. Rep. 26(7), 916–935 (2009).
- 75. . Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol action in lung cancer cells using dual protein and microarray analyses. Cancer Res. 67(24), 12007–12017 (2007).
- 76. . Resveratrol induces premature senescence in lung cancer cells via ROS-mediated DNA damage. PLOS ONE 8(3), e60065–e60065 (2013).
- 77. . Lignins and their derivatives with beneficial effects on human health. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18(6), 1219 (2017).
- 78. . Schizandrin A enhances the efficacy of gefitinib by suppressing IKKβ/NF-κB signaling in non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 855, 10–19 (2019).
- 79. . An overview on the role of plant-derived tannins for the treatment of lung cancer. Phytochemistry 188, 112799–112799 (2021).
- 80. Tannic acid inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stemness by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and intrinsic apoptosis. Anticancer Res. 40(6), 3209–3220 (2020).
- 81. Tannic acid attenuates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by effectively intervening TGF-β signaling in lung epithelial cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 233(3), 2513–2525 (2018). •• Overview of the significance of various polyphenols (phenolic acids, stilbenes and lignans) encapsulated in nanocarriers in lung cancer therapy.
- 82. . Formulation and biological stability of nanomedicines in cancer treatment. In: Nanoformulation Strategies for Cancer Treatment. Beg SRahman MChoudhry HSouto EBAhmad F (Eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 277–289 (2021).
- 83. . Chemopreventive Properties of Fruit Phenolic Compounds and Their Possible Mode of Actions. 42, 229–266 (2014).
- 84. . Plant polyphenols and their anti-cariogenic properties: a review. Molecules 16(2), 1486–1507 (2011).
- 85. . Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients 2(12), 1231–1246 (2010).
- 86. . Pulmonary delivery of nanoparticle chemotherapy for the treatment of lung cancers: challenges and opportunities. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 38(6), 782–797 (2017).
- 87. Polyphenol nanoformulations for cancer therapy: experimental evidence and clinical perspective. Int. J. Nanomed. 12, 2689–2702 (2017).
- 88. Stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers for drug delivery, imaging, and theragnosis. Polymers (Basel) 12(6), 1397 (2020).
- 89. Anti-cancerous potential of polyphenol-loaded polymeric nanotherapeutics. Molecules 23(11), 2787 (2018).
- 90. Pulmonary administration of a doxorubicin-conjugated dendrimer enhances drug exposure to lung metastases and improves cancer therapy. J. Control. Rel. 183, 18–26 (2014).
- 91. . Roles of lipid polymorphism in intracellular delivery. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 47(2-3), 139–148 (2001).
- 92. . Endogenous lung surfactant inspired pH responsive nanovesicle aerosols: pulmonary compatible and site-specific drug delivery in lung metastases. Sci. Rep. 4, 7085 (2014).
- 93. Size-dependent cellular uptake efficiency, mechanism, and cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles toward HeLa cells. Talanta 107, 408–415 (2013).
- 94. . The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in tumor vasculature: the key role of tumor-selective macromolecular drug targeting. Adv. Enzyme Regul. 41, 189–207 (2001).
- 95. . Nanomedicine therapeutic approaches to overcome cancer drug resistance. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 65(13-14), 1866–1879 (2013).
- 96. . Inhalation treatment of lung cancer: the influence of composition, size and shape of nanocarriers on their lung accumulation and retention. Cancer Biol. Med. 11(1), 44–55 (2014). •• Focus on phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid)-loaded nanocarriers in lung cancer therapy.
- 97. Nanogold–gallate chitosan-targeted pulmonary delivery for treatment of lung cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 18(4), 1104–1115 (2017).
- 98. Gallic acid-coated sliver nanoparticle alters the expression of radiation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small lung cancer cells. Toxicol. In Vitro 52, 170–177 (2018).
- 99. . Improved anticancer effect of magnetite nanocomposite formulation of gallic acid (Fe3O4-PEG-GA) against lung, breast and colon cancer cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 8(2), 83 (2018).
- 100. Site-specific delivery of a natural chemotherapeutic agent to human lung cancer cells using biotinylated 2D rGO nanocarriers. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 112, 110884 (2020).
- 101. Solid lipid nanoparticles improve octyl gallate antimetastatic activity and ameliorate its renal and hepatic toxic effects. Anticancer Drugs 28(9), 977–988 (2017).
- 102. Combined photothermal–immunotherapy via poly-tannic acid coated PLGA nanoparticles for cancer treatment. Biomater. Sci. 9(18), 6282–6294 (2021). •• Focus on phenolic acids (hydroxycinnamic acid)-loaded nanocarriers in lung cancer therapy.
- 103. Preparation of caffeic acid phenethyl ester-incorporated nanoparticles and their biological activity. J. Pharm. Sci. 104(1), 144–154 (2015).
- 104. Codelivery of curcumin and doxorubicin by MPEG-PCL results in improved efficacy of systemically administered chemotherapy in mice with lung cancer. Int. J. Nanomed. 8, 3521–3531 (2013).
- 105. . Superior anticancer efficacy of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles against lung cancer. Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai) 45(8), 634–640 (2013).
- 106. . The formulation and delivery of curcumin with solid lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of on non-small-cell lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 33(8), 4802–4808 (2013).
- 107. Curcumin- and natural extract-loaded nanofibres for potential treatment of lung and breast cancer: in vitro efficacy evaluation. J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 25(10), 985–998 (2014).
- 108. Enhanced anticancer activity by curcumin-loaded hydrogel nanoparticle derived aggregates on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 26(1), 5357 (2015).
- 109. Nanomicelles loaded with doxorubicin and curcumin for alleviating multidrug resistance in lung cancer. Int. J. Nanomed. 11, 5757–5770 (2016).
- 110. . Synthesis and characterization of inhalable flavonoid nanoparticle for lung cancer cell targeting. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 12(2), 371–386 (2016).
- 111. Curcumin–ER prolonged subcutaneous delivery for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 12(4), 679–688 (2016).
- 112. Delivery of curcumin by directed self-assembled micelles enhances therapeutic treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Int. J. Nanomed. 12, 2621–2634 (2017).
- 113. Curcumin-coordinated nanoparticles with improved stability for reactive oxygen species-responsive drug delivery in lung cancer therapy. Int. J. Nanomed. 12, 855–869 (2017).
- 114. . Curcumin marinosomes as promising nano-drug delivery system for lung cancer. Int. J. Pharm. 540(1-2), 40–49 (2018).
- 115. . Polymeric nano-encapsulation of curcumin enhances its anticancer activity in breast (MDA-MB231) and lung (A549) cancer cells through reduction in expression of HIF-1alpha and nuclear p65 (Rel A). Curr. Drug Deliv. 15(2), 286–295 (2018).
- 116. . Arginine, glycine, aspartic acid peptide-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposome for the treatment of lung cancer: in vitro/vivo evaluation. Int. J. Nanomed. 13, 2561–2569 (2018).
- 117. . Combination therapy of lung cancer using layer-by-layer cisplatin prodrug and curcumin co-encapsulated nanomedicine. Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 14, 2263–2274 (2020).
- 118. Nanomicellar-curcumin exerts its therapeutic effects via affecting angiogenesis, apoptosis, and T cells in a mouse model of melanoma lung metastasis. Pathol. Res. Pract. 216(9), 153082 (2020).
- 119. Chitosan-based nanoparticle co-delivery of docetaxel and curcumin ameliorates anti-tumor chemoimmunotherapy in lung cancer. Carbohydr. Polym. 268, 118237 (2021).
- 120. . Ferulic acid loaded Poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles: systematic study of particle size, drug encapsulation efficiency and anticancer effect in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line in vitro. Biomed. Preventive Nutr. 2(1), 69–76 (2012).
- 121. . Aerosol delivery of ferulic acid-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: a promising treatment approach against the respiratory disorders. Physiol. Pharmacol. 21(4), 331–342 (2017). •• Focus on stilbenes/lignans-loaded nanocarriers for lung cancer therapy.
- 122. Liposomal honokiol, a potent anti-angiogenesis agent, in combination with radiotherapy produces a synergistic anti-tumor efficacy without increasing toxicity. Exp. Mol. Med. 40(6), 617–628 (2008).
- 123. Liposomal honokiol inhibits VEGF-D-induced lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in xenograft tumor model. Int. J. Cancer 124(11), 2709–2718 (2009).
- 124. Non-toxic dose of liposomal honokiol suppresses metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through destabilizing EGFR and inhibiting the downstream pathways. Oncotarget 8(1), 915–932 (2017).
- 125. Liposomal honokiol induced lysosomal degradation of Hsp90 client proteins and protective autophagy in both gefitinib-sensitive and gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Biomaterials 141, 188–198 (2017).
- 126. . Honokiol: a review of its anticancer potential and mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 12(1), 48 (2020).
- 127. Improved therapeutic effectiveness by combining liposomal honokiol with cisplatin in lung cancer model. BMC Cancer 8, 242 (2008).
- 128. Preparation of honokiol-loaded chitosan microparticles via spray-drying method intended for pulmonary delivery. Drug Deliv. 16(3), 160–166 (2009).
- 129. Biodegradable self-assembled PEG–PCL–PEG micelles for hydrophobic honokiol delivery: I. Preparation and characterization. Nanotechnology 21(21), 215103 (2010).
- 130. . A cocktail of betulinic acid, parthenolide, honokiol and ginsenoside Rh2 in liposome systems for lung cancer treatment. Nanomedicine (Lond.) 15(1), 41–54 (2020).
- 131. . Endothelial growth factor receptor-targeted and reactive oxygen species-responsive lung cancer therapy by docetaxel and resveratrol encapsulated lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles. Biomed. Pharmacother. 105, 18–26 (2018).
- 132. The use of mitochondrial targeting resveratrol liposomes modified with a dequalinium polyethylene glycol–distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine conjugate to induce apoptosis in resistant lung cancer cells. Biomaterials 32(24), 5673–5687 (2011).
- 133. . Anticancer activity of resveratrol-loaded gelatin nanoparticles on NCI-H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biomed. Preventive Nutr. 3(1), 64–73 (2013).
- 134. . Resveratrol loaded gelatin nanoparticles synergistically inhibits cell cycle progression and constitutive NF-kappaB activation, and induces apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biomed. Pharmacother. 70, 274–282 (2015).
- 135. Resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles induce antioxidant activity against oxidative stress. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 29(2), 288–298 (2016).
- 136. . Resveratrol-loaded folic acid-grafted dextran stearate submicron particles exhibits enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancers. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 72, 185–191 (2017).
- 137. . Liquid crystalline assembly for potential combinatorial chemo-herbal drug delivery to lung cancer cells. Int. J. Nanomed. 14, 499–517 (2019).
- 138. Inhalable lactoferrin/chondroitin-functionalized monoolein nanocomposites for localized lung cancer targeting. ACS Biomater. Sci Eng. 6(2), 1030–1042 (2020).
- 139. Resveratrol solid lipid nanoparticles to trigger credible inhibition of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Int. J. Nanomed. 14, 6061–6071 (2019).