Different response rates to chemotherapy between Japanese and German esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: patients may be influenced by ERCC1 or ABCB1
Abstract
Aim: To find out differences in biomarkers between Japanese and German patients responsible for response after neoadjuvant radio/chemotherapy and survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Materials & methods: A total of 60 patients from Japan and 127 patients from Germany with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed according to three SNPs by real-time PCR. Results: The distribution of the genotypes of ERCC1 rs16115 and ABCB1 C3435T rs1045642 was significantly different between both patients’ groups. Japanese patients had significantly less good response to 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin chemotherapy. The influence of the three SNPs on response varied between patients from Japan and Germany. Conclusion: Different expressions of ERCC1 and ABCB1 SNPs of Japanese patients compared with the German patients partially explain the different response.
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest
References
- 1. . Epidemiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gastroenterology 154(2), 360–373 (2018).
- 2. . Carcinoma of the esophagus – actual epidemiology in Germany. Onkologie 24(2), 180–184 (2001).
- 3. Impact of race/ethnicity on prognosis in patients who underwent surgery for colon cancer: analysis for white, African and East Asian Americans. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 19(5), 1517–1528 (2012).
- 4. Race is a risk for lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 24(4), 960–965 (2017).
- 5. Favorable genetic polymorphisms predictive of clinical outcome of chemoradiotherapy for stage II/III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 30(3), 252–257 (2007).
- 6. What should be the gold standard for the surgical component in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer: transthoracic versus transhiatal esophagectomy. Ann. Surg. 260(6), 1016–1022 (2014).
- 7. Prognostic impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in cT3 oesophageal cancer – a propensity score matched analysis. Eur. J. Cancer 50(17), 2950–2957 (2014).
- 8. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(22), 2074–2084 (2012).
- 9. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus April 2012 edited by the Japan Esophageal Society. Esophagus 12(1), 1–30 (2015).
- 10. [S3 guideline – diagnosis and treatment of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of theesophagus]. Z Gastroenterol 57(3), 336–418 (2019).
- 11. . Pharmacogenomics: translating functional genomics into rational therapeutics. Science 286(5439), 487–491 (1999).
- 12. Genetic prediction of long-term survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced esophageal cancer. Pharmacogenomics J. 17(3), 252–257 (2017).
- 13. ABC transporters and their role in the neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19(3), 868 (2018).
- 14. . A systematic review and meta-analysis of somatic and germline DNA sequence biomarkers of esophageal cancer survival, therapy response and stage. Ann. Oncol. 26(4), 624–644 (2015).
- 15. Genetic variations in radiation and chemotherapy drug action pathways predict clinical outcomes in esophageal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 24(23), 3789–3798 (2006).
- 16. Impact of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism on lymph node regression in multimodality treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer. Pharmacogenomics 12(2), 205–214 (2011).
- 17. ERCC1: impact in multimodality treatment of upper gastrointestinal cancer. Future Oncol. 6(11), 1735–1749 (2010).
- 18. Quantitative c-erbB-2 but not c-erbB-1 mRNA expression is a promising marker to predict minor histopathologic response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in oesophageal cancer. Br. J. Cancer 91(4), 666–672 (2004).
- 19. ERCC1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms predict response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in esophageal cancer. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 13(8), 1411–1421 (2009).
- 20. ERCC1 RNA expression in peripheral blood predicts minor histopathological response to neoadjuvant radio-chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced cancer of the esophagus. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 12(11), 1815–1821 (2008).
- 21. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus: ERCC1 gene polymorphisms for prediction of response and prognosis. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 16(1), 26–34; discussion 34 (2012).
- 22. Molecular markers for the prediction of minor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in esophageal cancer: results of the prospective Cologne Esophageal Response Prediction (CERP) study. Ann. Surg. 264(5), 839–846 (2016). •• ERCC1-SNP in combination with mRNA ERCC1, DPYD and ERBB2 from pretherapeutic endoscopic biopsies can predict minor response to chemoradiation, as a basis for individualized therapy of advanced esophageal cancer.
- 23. Homozygous GNAS 393C-allele carriers with locally advanced esophageal cancer fail to benefit from platinum-based preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 21(13), 4375–4382 (2014). • Patients with a locally advanced esophageal cancer and an homozygous GNAS 393C genotype do not benefit from platinum-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, indicating that these patients should be treated by alternative treatment strategies.
- 24. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation for patients with advanced oesophageal cancer – which response grading system best impacts prognostic discrimination? Histopathology 74(5), 731–743 (2019).
- 25. Laryngeal cancer risk associated with smoking and alcohol consumption is modified by genetic polymorphisms in ERCC5, ERCC6 and RAD23B but not by polymorphisms in five other nucleotide excision repair genes. Int. J. Cancer 125(6), 1431–1439 (2009).
- 26. Genetic polymorphisms of enzyme proteins and transporters related to methotrexate response and pharmacokinetics in a Japanese population. J. Pharm. Health Care Sci. 2, 35 (2016). • The variations in allelic frequencies in different ethnic and/or population groups in healthy adults and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients may contribute to individual variations in methotrexate (MTX) response and toxicity.
- 27. . Updated German S3 guidelines on esophageal cancer and supplements from a surgical perspective. Chirurg 90(5), 398–402 (2019).
- 28. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of S-1 between Caucasian and East Asian patients. Cancer Sci. 102(2), 478–483 (2011).
- 29. Comparison of the efficacy, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of a uracil/tegafur (UFT) plus oral leucovorin (LV) regimen between Japanese and American patients with advanced colorectal cancer: joint United States and Japan study of UFT/LV. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(17), 3466–3474 (2004).
- 30. Genetic factors affecting drug disposition in Asian cancer patients. Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 11(12), 1879–1892 (2015).
- 31. . Histologic tumor type and the rate of complete response after neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer. Future Oncol. 6(1), 25–35 (2010).
- 32. MDR1 haplotype frequencies in Japanese and Caucasian and in Japanese patients with colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 21(2), 126–132 (2006). • There is a considerable difference in the frequencies of haplotype including A2677 polymorphism between Japanese and Caucasion.
- 33. Association between the ERCC1 rs11615 polymorphism and clinical outcomes of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapies in gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis. Onco. Targets Ther. 8, 641–648 (2015).
- 34. Genetic variations and cisplatin nephrotoxicity: a systematic review. Front. Pharmacol. 9, 1111 (2018).
- 35. Response evaluation by endoscopy, rebiopsy and endoscopic ultrasound does not accurately predict histopathologic regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal cancer. Ann. Surg. 248(6), 902–908 (2008).
- 36. . Endoscopic and imaging predictors of complete pathologic response after chemoradiation for esophageal cancer. Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep. 19(11), 57 (2017).
- 37. Endoscopic biopsy and EUS for the detection of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest. Endosc. 83(5), 866–879 (2016).
- 38. Phase III study of fluorouracil, leucovorin and levamisole in high-risk stage II and III colon cancer: final report of Intergroup 0089. J. Clin. Oncol. 23(34), 8671–8678 (2005).
- 39. Phase II study of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil with concurrent radiotherapy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a Japan Esophageal Oncology Group (JEOG)/Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial (JCOG9516). Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 34(10), 615–619 (2004).
- 40. Phase II evaluation of protracted infusion of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a Japan Esophageal Oncology Group (JEOG) Trial (JCOG9407). Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 31(9), 419–423 (2001).