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Fecal microbiota transplantation in gastrointestinal and extraintestinal disorders

    Gianluca Ianiro

    *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +39 063 015 6265; Fax: +39 063 015 7023;

    E-mail Address: gianluca.ianiro@hotmail.it

    Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, Italy

    ,
    Jonathan P Segal

    Department of Gastroenterology, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK

    ,
    Benjamin H Mullish

    Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK

    ,
    Mohammed N Quraishi

    University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

    ,
    Serena Porcari

    Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, Italy

    ,
    Ginevra Fabiani

    Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, Italy

    ,
    Antonio Gasbarrini

    Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, Italy

    &
    Giovanni Cammarota

    Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, Italy

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2020-0061

    Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the infusion of feces from a healthy donor into the gut of a recipient to treat a dysbiosis-related disease. FMT has been proven to be a safe and effective treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection, but increasing evidence supports the role of FMT in other gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases. The aim of this review is to paint the landscape of current evidence of FMT in different fields of application (including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disorders, decolonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria, metabolic disorders and neurological disorders), as well as to discuss the current regulatory scenario of FMT, and hypothesize future directions of FMT.

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