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Regenerative Medicine

Human periodontal ligament stem cells with distinct osteogenic potential induce bone formation in rat calvaria defects

    Leticia Faustino Adolpho

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Helena Bacha Lopes

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Gileade Pereira Freitas

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Denise Weffort

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Gabriela Guaraldo Campos Totoli

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Ana Carolina Loyola Barbosa

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    ,
    Rahyza Inacio Freire Assis

    Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    ,
    Karina Gonzales Silverio Ruiz

    Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    ,
    Denise Carleto Andia

    Health Science Institute, Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Dr Bacelar St, 1212, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil

    ,
    Adalberto Luiz Rosa

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    &
    Marcio Mateus Beloti

    *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +55 16 3315 4785;

    E-mail Address: mmbeloti@usp.br

    Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.2217/rme-2021-0178

    Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with high (HP-PDLSCs) and low (LP-PDLSCs) osteogenic potential, in addition to mixed cells, to repair bone tissue. Methods: Cell phenotype, proliferation and differentiation were evaluated. Undifferentiated PDLSCs were injected into rat calvarial defects and the new bone was evaluated by μCT, histology and real-time PCR. Results: PDLSCs exhibited a typical mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and HP-PDLSCs showed lower proliferative and higher osteogenic potential than LP-PDLSCs. PDLSCs induced similar bone formation and histological analysis suggests a remodeling process, confirmed by osteogenic and osteoclastogenic markers, especially in tissues derived from defects treated with HP-PDLSCs. Conclusion: PDLSCs induced similar bone formation irrespective of their in vitro osteogenic potential.

    Plain language summary

    Bone is one of the most transplanted tissues worldwide and cell-based therapies has been investigated as an alternative for the treatment of bone defects. Dental tissues have been investigated as sources of stem cells and the periodontal ligament has been shown to be a viable source of these cells. Stem cells from periodontal ligament induce significant bone formation in rat calvaria defects and are safe for cell-based therapies, as the cells remain at the bone defect site for up to 4 weeks and do not migrate to vital organs, such as brain, heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys, and liver in the same period. In addition, immune responses were not detected. Considering that, stem cells from periodontal ligament can be useful in cell therapy strategies to induce bone regeneration.

    Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest

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