Review

Genetics and nonmelanoma skin cancer in kidney transplant recipients

Michael T Burke

*Author for correspondence:

E-mail Address: michael.burke@health.qld.gov.au

Department of Nephrology, University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia

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Nicole Isbel

Department of Nephrology, University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia

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Katherine A Barraclough

Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

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Ji-Won Jung

The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia

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James W Wells

The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia

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Christine E Staatz

School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

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Published Online:23 Jan 2015https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs.14.156

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Abstract

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have a 65- to 250-fold greater risk than the general population of developing nonmelanoma skin cancer. Immunosuppressive drugs combined with traditional risk factors such as UV radiation exposure are the main modifiable risk factors for skin cancer development in transplant recipients. Genetic variation affecting immunosuppressive drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics has been associated with other transplant complications and may contribute to differences in skin cancer rates between KTRs. Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding the prednisolone receptor, GST enzyme, MC1R, MTHFR enzyme and COX-2 enzyme have been shown to increase the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer in KTRs. Genetic association studies may improve our understanding of how genetic variation affects skin cancer risk and potentially guide immunosuppressive treatment and skin cancer screening in at risk individuals.

Keywords:

Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest

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Financial & competing interests disclosure

N Isbel has received unrestricted grants or honoraria from Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Janssen-Ciliag. M Burke is a recipient of a Jacqout Research Entry Scholarship. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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