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Causes and risk factors

    Barbara Wirostko

    Barbara Wirostko, MD, is a board-certified ophthalmologist and fellowship-trained glaucoma specialist. She maintains an academic research and clinical practice with the University of Utah, Moran Eye Center (USA), as a Clinical Adjunct Associate Professor in ophthalmology. She is intimately involved with drug development and discovery in ophthalmology. She serves on various editorial boards, scientific advisory boards and glaucoma research foundations. From 2006 to 2010, she was Senior Medical Director within the specialty division at Pfizer (NY, USA). She oversaw the development of pipeline glaucoma strategy and led the Sustained Release Xalatan program, which is now in clinical trials. She has served as Principle Investigator for various glaucoma clinical trials. She completed her glaucoma fellowship at Cornell University (NY, USA) and received her ophthalmology training as well as her MD at Columbia University (NY, USA). Her BA with distinction was from Cornell University. She is a fellow of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, a member of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Women in Ophthalmology and local state societies.

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    &
    Steven M Christiansen

    Steven M Christiansen, MD, obtained a BSc degree in business management from Brigham Young University (UT, USA) and earned a medical degree from the University of Utah School of Medicine (UT, USA). He has authored ten peer-reviewed articles in the areas of cornea and refractive surgery, presented at multiple national meetings and authored 15 textbook chapters on various aspects of pediatric ophthalmology and uveal tract disorders. He will soon begin internship at Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital (USA) and will then complete ophthalmology residency training at the University of Iowa (USA).

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    Published Online:17 May 2013https://doi.org/10.2217/ebo.12.292
    Abstract:

    Glaucoma is a slowly progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage to retinal ganglion nerve fibers of the optic nerve, which is sufficient to cause visual impairment. The disease can be categorized broadly into two categories: open-angle and narrow-angle glaucoma, both of which may be due to primary or secondary causes [1]. This chapter will discuss the various causes and risk factors of the more common types of glaucoma.

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