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Regenerative Medicine

Shear stress induces osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

    Gregory Yourek

    Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, Rm. E-208, MC901, Chicago, IL 60612, USA

    ,
    Susan M McCormick

    Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, MC 063, Chicago, IL 60607, USA

    ,
    Jeremy J Mao

    Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 Sreet, PH7 East, CDM, New York, NY 10032, USA

    &
    Gwendolen C Reilly

    † Author for correspondence

    Kroto Research Institute, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.2217/rme.10.60

    Aim: To determine whether fluid flow-induced shear stress affects the differentiation of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteogenic cells. Materials & methods: hMSCs cultured with or without osteogenic differentiation medium were exposed to fluid flow-induced shear stress and analyzed for alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of osteogenic genes. Results: Immediately following shear stress, alkaline phosphatase activity in osteogenic medium was significantly increased. At days 4 and 8 of culture the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteopontin was significantly higher in hMSCs subjected to shear stress than those cultured in static conditions. However, hMSCs cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium were less responsive in gene expression of alkaline phosphatase and bone morphogenetic protein-2. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that shear stress stimulates hMSCs towards an osteoblastic phenotype in the absence of chemical induction, suggesting that certain mechanical stresses may serve as an alternative to chemical stimulation of stem cell differentiation.

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