Research Article

Effects of major human antiprotease α-1-antitrypsin on the motility and proliferation of stromal cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

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Email the corresponding author at ruta.aldonyte@ekmi.vu.lt

State Institute of Science “Centre of Innovative Medicine”, Vilnius University, Zygimantu 9, Vilnius LT-01102, Lithuania

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Andrejus Surovas

State Institute of Science “Centre of Innovative Medicine”, Vilnius University, Zygimantu 9, Vilnius LT-01102, Lithuania

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Kristina Suriakaite

State Institute of Science “Centre of Innovative Medicine”, Vilnius University, Zygimantu 9, Vilnius LT-01102, Lithuania

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Akvile Jarmalaviciute

State Institute of Science “Centre of Innovative Medicine”, Vilnius University, Zygimantu 9, Vilnius LT-01102, Lithuania

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Karl-Eric Magnusson

Division of Medical Microbiology, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden

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Augustas Pivoriunas

State Institute of Science “Centre of Innovative Medicine”, Vilnius University, Zygimantu 9, Vilnius LT-01102, Lithuania

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Published Online:15 Jul 2010https://doi.org/10.2217/rme.10.18

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Abstract

Aim: Intrinsic tissue regeneration mechanisms are still not fully understood. The destruction/reconstruction processes are usually in fine balance; however, this can be easily destroyed, for example in the environment of chronic inflammation. One of the major proteins present at the inflammatory sites is the multifunctional protein α-1-antitrypsin (AAT). In this study, potential therapeutic effects of this major human antiprotease on progenitor cells are assessed. Materials & methods: Stromal cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) were used, which are similar to the mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from other tissues. SHEDs were cultivated in the presence of subphysiological, physiological and inflammatory concentrations of AAT, and their proliferation and motility traits were assayed. Some intracellular signaling pathways, AAT internalization by SHEDs and their matrix metalloprotease profile were studied in parallel. Results: Physiologic and inflammatory concentrations of AAT significantly increased the cell proliferation rate, induced phosphorylation of several key protein kinases and increased the amount of secreted active gelatinases. Moreover, cells exposed to physiologic and inflammatory levels of AAT were able to invade and migrate more efficiently. Subphysiologic AAT levels did not change cell behavior significantly. Conclusion: AAT at physiologic and inflammatory concentrations positively modulates the proliferation and motility of SHEDs in vitro. These results suggest the importance of AAT in the maintenance and regulation of tissue progenitor cells in vivo.

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Published online 15 July 2010

Published in print July 2010

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Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Ethical conduct of research

The authors state that they have obtained appropriate institutional review board approval or have followed the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki for all human or animal experimental investigations. In addition, for investigations involving human subjects, informed consent has been obtained from the participants involved.

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