Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest
References
- 1 . Cancer facts and figures 2017. American Cancer Society (2017). www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017. • This is the most recent report by the American Cancer Society that analyzes and estimates the future cancer burden.
- 2 . Stem cell divisions, somatic mutations, cancer etiology, and cancer prevention. Science 355(6331), 1330–1334 (2017).
- 3 . Substantial contribution of extrinsic risk factors to cancer development. Nature 529(7584), 43–47 (2016).
- 4 The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. The scientific report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (2015). https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/. • This was the first time diet was officially recognized as a risk factor for colon and post-menopausal breast cancer by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee.
- 5 The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the dietary guidelines for Americans. (2010). https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2010/.
- 6 Spanish Mediterranean diet and other dietary patterns and breast cancer risk: case–control EpiGEICAM study. Br. J. Cancer 111(7), 1454–1462 (2014). • The Mediterranean, western, and prudent diets were compared to standardized dietary indices in the publication, a great example of a paper combating inter-study heterogeneity.
- 7 Adherence to the western, prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns and breast cancer risk: MCC-Spain study. Maturitas 103, 8–15 (2017).
- 8 The Dietary Patterns Methods Project: synthesis of findings across cohorts and relevance to dietary guidance. J. Nutr. 145(3), 393–402 (2015). • The Dietary Patterns Methods Project was created with the explicit goal to standardize dietary patterns to combat the lack of consistency that severely limited the ability of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee in 2010 to synthesize findings regarding diet and cancer risk.
- 9 . The association of dietary quality with colorectal cancer among normal weight, overweight and obese men and women: a prospective longitudinal study in the USA. BMJ Open 7(6), e015619 (2017). • This paper analyzed cancer risk using standardized indices and found a reduced correlation between obese men and women with men and women, suggesting healthy diet effects could be attenuated by obesity-related conditions, including low-grade chronic inflammation.
- 10 . High-quality diets associate with reduced risk of colorectal cancer: analyses of diet quality indexes in the multiethnic cohort. Gastroenterology 153(2), 386–394 e382 (2017).
- 11 Diet quality and colorectal cancer risk in the women's health initiative observational study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 184(1), 23–32 (2016).
- 12 . Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary inflammatory index. Public Health Nutr. 17(8), 1689–1696 (2014). • This paper designed and developed a dietary inflammatory index (DII) to create a standardized way to analyze the impact of the inflammatory potential of diets.
- 13 Dietary inflammatory index and colorectal cancer risk – a meta-analysis. Nutrients 9(9),
doi:10.3390/nu9091043 (2017). - 14 . Meta-analysis of the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cancer outcomes. Int. J. Cancer 141(11), 2215–2227 (2017). • Studies utilizing the DII were compiled in this meta-analysis and showed significant positive associations between high DII scores and cancer incidence.
- 15 A higher dietary inflammatory index score is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer among Chinese women: a case–control study. Br. J. Nutr. 117(10), 1358–1367 (2017).
- 16 Association between dietary inflammatory potential and breast cancer incidence and death: results from the Women's Health Initiative. Br. J. Cancer 114(11), 1277–1285 (2016).
- 17 Dietary inflammatory index before diagnosis and survival in an Italian cohort of women with breast cancer. Br. J. Nutr. 117(10), 1456–1462 (2017).
- 18 Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer: analysis by tumor location and molecular subtypes. Gastroenterology 152(8), 1944–1953 e1941 (2017).
- 19 . Distinct gut microbiome patterns associate with consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer. Sci. Rep. 7(1), 11590 (2017).
- 20 Association of dietary patterns with risk of colorectal cancer subtypes classified by Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumor tissue. JAMA Oncol. 3(7), 921–927 (2017). • This study analyzed the impact of diet, microbiome, and cancer risk, showing that diet influenced the population of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. This highlights a need for future studies to investigate how diet effects the microbiome and potential implications for cancer risk.
- 21 Diet quality in midadulthood predicts visceral adiposity and liver fatness in older ages: the multiethnic cohort study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 25(8), 1442–1450 (2017).
- 22 . Waist circumference, body mass index, and postmenopausal breast cancer incidence in the Cancer Prevention Study-II nutrition cohort. Cancer Causes Control 25(6), 737–745 (2013).
- 23 . A meta-analysis of published literature on waist-to-hip ratio and risk of breast cancer. Nutr. Cancer 44(2), 127–138 (2002).
- 24 Comparison of anthropometric measurements of adiposity in relation to cancer risk: a systematic review of prospective studies. Cancer Causes Control 27(3), 291–300 (2016).
- 25 . Obesity and the role of adipose tissue in inflammation and metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83(2), 461S–465S (2006).
- 26 Surgical removal of the parametrial fat pads stimulates apoptosis and inhibits UVB-induced carcinogenesis in mice fed a high-fat diet. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109(23), 9065–9070 (2012).
- 27 Abdominal obesity, independent from caloric intake, accounts for the development of intestinal tumors in Apc(1638N/+) female mice. Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila.) 6(3), 177–187 (2013).
- 28 Fibroblast growth factor receptor is a mechanistic link between visceral adiposity and cancer. Oncogene 36(48), 6668–6679 (2017).