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2008/9 Catalogue
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Summary
Apr 2006, Vol. 7, No. 3, Pages 375-386 , DOI 10.2217/14622416.7.3.375
(doi:10.2217/14622416.7.3.375)

Collaborative Study: chronic fatigue syndrome – Research Report
Gene expression profile of empirically delineated classes of unexplained chronic fatigue
Liran Carmel1, Sol Efroni2, Peter D White3, Eric Aslakson4, Ute Vollmer-Conna5 & Mangalathu S Rajeevan4
1National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
2National Cancer Institute Center for Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
3University of London, Department of Psychological Medicine, Barts, London and Queen Mary School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
4Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MSG 41, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
5University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia
Author for correspondence



Objectives: To identify the underlying gene expression profiles of unexplained chronic fatigue subjects classified into five or six class solutions by principal component (PCA) and latent class analyses (LCA). Methods: Microarray expression data were available for 15,315 genes and 111 female subjects enrolled from a population-based study on chronic fatigue syndrome. Algorithms were developed to assign gene scores and threshold values that signified the contribution of each gene to discriminate the multiclasses in each LCA solution. Unsupervised dimensionality reduction was first used to remove noise or otherwise uninformative gene combinations, followed by supervised dimensionality reduction to isolate gene combinations that best separate the classes. Results: The authors’ gene score and threshold algorithms identified 32 and 26 genes capable of discriminating the five and six multiclass solutions, respectively. Pair-wise comparisons suggested that some genes (zinc finger protein 350 [ZNF350], solute carrier family 1, member 6 [SLC1A6], F-box protein 7 [FBX07] and vacuole 14 protein homolog [VAC14]) distinguished most classes of fatigued subjects from healthy subjects, whereas others (patched homolog 2 [PTCH2] and T-cell leukemia/lymphoma [TCL1A]) differentiated specific fatigue classes. Conclusion: A computational approach was developed for general use to identify discriminatory genes in any multiclass problem. Using this approach, differences in gene expression were found to discriminate some classes of unexplained chronic fatigue, particularly one termed interoception.

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Cited by

Jonathan R. Kerr. (2009) Gene profiling of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis. Current Rheumatology Reports 10:6, 482-491
Online publication date: 1-Jan-2009.
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Jonathan R. Kerr, Robert Petty, Beverley Burke, John Gough, David Fear, Lindsey I. Sinclair, Derek L. Mattey, Selwyn C. M. Richards, Jane Montgomery, Don A. Baldwin, Paul Kellam, Tim J. Harrison, George E. Griffin, Janice Main, Derek Enlander, David J. Nutt, Stephen T. Holgate. (2008) Gene Expression Subtypes in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 197:8, 1171-1184
Online publication date: 15-May-2008.
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Lisa Lit, Donald L. Gilbert, Wynn Walker, Frank R. Sharp. (2007) A subgroup of Tourette's patients overexpress specific natural killer cell genes in blood: A preliminary report. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics 144b:7, 958
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Authors:
Liran Carmel
Sol Efroni
Peter D White
Eric Aslakson
Ute Vollmer-Conna
Mangalathu S Rajeevan
Keywords:
chronic fatigue syndrome
Fisher quotient and discriminatory genes
gene expression and gene scores
interoception
latent class analysis
principal component analysis